The Four Horses

In the Book of Revelation, a white horse appears standing for conquest alongside a red horse of war. Together they serve as a symbolic metaphor of the colonial conquest that ended the political sovereignty of indigenous communities throughout the region.

In the same context, the black horse of famine and the pale green horse of deathly plague that followed can be seen in the devastation caused by the 1896-99 ecological crisis brought on by the coinciding outbreak of drought, infestation and human and animal diseases.