Botswana's education system: living testimony of boiling frog syndrome?

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The 21st century, according to the Gregorian calendar began on the 1st of January 2001 and with it emerged new opportunities and challenges for developing and middle-income countries.

We are certain that the 21st century competencies, knowledge dynamics, globalisation and technological innovations are key driving forces in the current and future developments of every nation. A brief chronological perspectives of the creative and innovative advancement is best captured from the first to the forth industrial revolutions.The first industrial revolution used water and steam to mechanise production (mechanisation of industries), the second used electric energy to create mass production and development of chemical synthesis and the third experienced the emergence of electronics and information technology to automated production.

Today, a fourth industrial revolution is underway building upon the third and the digital revolution. As everything is unfolding before our eyes with an aggressive emergence of the Internet, the revolution is not aligned to the emergence of a new form of energy but entrenched on digitalisation to enable building of a new virtual world. This virtual world will ultimately connect all lines of production, define communication and facilitate the interaction and execution in real time. Thanks to emerging technology such as Cloud, Big Data Analytics and the Internet Of Things (IoT). The benefit of the Forth Industrial Revolution present endless possibilities such as improved decision-making, improved coordination and inter connected global system all in real time.

Editor's Comment
Micro-procurement maze demands urgent reform

Whilst celebrating milestones in inclusivity, with notably P5 billion awarded to vulnerable groups, the report sounds a 'siren' on a dangerous and growing trend: the ballooning use of micro-procurement. That this method, designed for small-scale, efficient purchases, now accounts for a staggering 25% (P8 billion) of total procurement value is not a sign of agility, but a 'red flag'. The PPRA’s warning is unequivocal and must be...

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